Hurricanes risk in North Dakota

Hurricane risk in North Dakota: What homeowners should know

North Dakota is far from any ocean, so hurricanes do not make landfall here. However, the remnants of tropical storms and hurricanes can still reach the state, typically after moving inland from the Gulf of Mexico. These systems can bring heavy rainfall, flash flooding, river flooding, and occasionally strong winds. According to the North Dakota Department of Emergency Services (DES), the state's primary natural hazard concerns are flooding, severe summer storms, and winter storms—not hurricanes. In fact, HomeRiskMap.com rates North Dakota as level 1 of 5 for hurricane risk, the lowest possible rating.

The hurricane season in the Atlantic Basin runs from June 1 to November 30, with peak activity from mid-August to late October. When a tropical system moves inland, it weakens quickly, but its moisture can travel far. North Dakota typically sees any remnant impacts during late summer and early fall. The most exposed areas are those already prone to flooding: the Red River Valley in the east, the Missouri River corridor (including Bismarck and Mandan), and the Souris River basin in the north. Urban areas with poor drainage can also flood from heavy downpours. Wind damage, while less common, can occur anywhere in the state if a remnant storm retains strong winds.

It's important to note that the National Hurricane Center (NHC) tracks these systems and provides forecasts. While North Dakota is rarely in the direct path, the NHC's cone of uncertainty can extend into the region for strong inland storms. Homeowners should pay attention to local National Weather Service forecasts for heavy rain and flood warnings, which are the most likely impacts from any tropical remnant.

How it affects homes

The main threat to homes in North Dakota from tropical remnants is water—not storm surge. Heavy rain can overwhelm drainage systems, cause rivers and streams to overflow, and lead to basement flooding. Common damage includes:

• Flooded basements and crawl spaces – water seepage through foundations, sewer backup, and sump pump failures.
• Foundation cracks and structural damage – from saturated soil and hydrostatic pressure.
• Roof leaks and window damage – driven rain can force water into attics and walls.
• Wind damage – downed trees, damaged shingles, and torn siding, though sustained hurricane-force winds are extremely unlikely.
• Power outages – which can disrupt sump pumps and HVAC systems, leading to further water damage or mold.

From an insurance perspective, standard homeowners policies typically cover wind damage but do not cover flood damage. Flood insurance is a separate policy, available through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) or private insurers. In North Dakota, hurricane deductibles (percentage-based deductibles that apply to named storms) are generally not used because hurricanes don't make landfall. However, homeowners should review their policies for wind and hail deductibles, which may apply to severe thunderstorms—a more common hazard. Also, note that flood insurance typically has a 30-day waiting period before coverage takes effect, so don't wait until a storm is forecast.

FEMA's hurricane preparedness guidance (FEMA) emphasizes that even inland states can experience significant flooding from tropical systems. Taking steps to protect your home now can reduce damage and recovery costs.

How to prepare your home

Because North Dakota's hurricane risk is low but its flood risk from heavy rain is real, preparation should focus on water management and wind resilience. Here are concrete steps:

1. Buy flood insurance. Even if you're not in a high-risk flood zone, consider coverage. Remember the 30-day waiting period.
2. Elevate utilities. Move electrical panels, furnaces, and water heaters above the expected flood level. This can be done during a remodel or by a qualified contractor.
3. Install a sump pump with battery backup. Test it regularly, especially before storm season.
4. Seal foundation cracks and walls. Use waterproof sealants and consider a basement drainage system.
5. Clear gutters and downspouts. Ensure water is directed at least 5-10 feet away from the foundation.
6. Install check valves. These prevent sewer water from backing up into your home.
7. Trim trees and remove dead branches. This reduces the risk of wind-blown debris damaging your roof or windows.
8. Secure outdoor items. Bring in or tie down patio furniture, grills, and trash cans when storms are forecast.
9. Reinforce garage doors and roof. If you're building or remodeling, consider wind-rated shingles and a reinforced garage door.
10. Create an emergency kit. Include water, non-perishable food, medications, flashlights, and a battery-powered radio. Ready.gov has a full checklist.
11. Know your evacuation route. Although hurricane evacuations are rare in North Dakota, flash flooding may require you to leave home quickly. Sign up for local alerts through your county emergency management office.

These steps also protect against other common North Dakota hazards like severe thunderstorms, spring flooding, and snowmelt. For more state-specific guidance, visit the North Dakota Department of Emergency Services website.

Frequently asked questions

Can hurricanes hit North Dakota?

No, hurricanes cannot make landfall in North Dakota because the state has no coastline and is located far inland. However, the remnants of tropical storms and hurricanes can reach the state, bringing heavy rain, flooding, and sometimes gusty winds. These remnant systems typically arrive from the Gulf of Mexico after weakening over land. The National Hurricane Center tracks these storms and their potential inland impacts.

Is hurricane risk high in North Dakota?

No, the hurricane risk in North Dakota is very low. HomeRiskMap.com rates the state as level 1 of 5 for hurricane risk, based on data from FEMA's National Risk Index and NOAA. While the state can experience flooding from tropical remnants, the frequency and intensity are much lower than in coastal states. The bigger natural hazard concerns for North Dakota are flooding from spring snowmelt, severe summer storms, and winter weather.

Does homeowners insurance cover hurricane damage in North Dakota?

Standard homeowners insurance typically covers wind damage from any storm, including tropical remnants, but it does not cover flood damage. Flooding requires a separate flood insurance policy, either through the NFIP or a private insurer. Since hurricanes don't make landfall in North Dakota, hurricane-specific deductibles usually don't apply. However, wind and hail deductibles may apply to severe thunderstorms. Always review your policy and consider flood insurance even if you're not in a high-risk zone.

Official resources

• North Dakota Department of Emergency Services – State emergency management, preparedness tips, and alerts.
• NOAA National Hurricane Center – Tropical storm tracking, forecasts, and safety information.
• Ready.gov – Hurricanes – Federal guidance on hurricane and flood preparedness.
• FEMA Hurricane Preparedness – Risk management resources for homeowners and communities.