Hurricanes risk in Arkansas

Hurricane and Tropical Storm Risk in Arkansas

Arkansas may be over 400 miles from the Gulf Coast, but it is still within the reach of hurricanes and tropical storms that come ashore in Texas, Louisiana, or Mississippi. When these systems move inland, they weaken, but they often retain a massive amount of tropical moisture. That moisture translates into heavy rainfall that can last for days, causing flash flooding and swelling rivers across the state.

The official hurricane season runs from June 1 to November 30, with the most active period from mid-August to late October. For Arkansas, the primary threat is water — not wind. By the time storms reach the state, they are usually tropical depressions or remnant low-pressure systems. However, wind gusts can still be strong enough to down trees and damage roofs, especially in the eastern part of the state. According to the FEMA National Risk Index, Arkansas has a relatively low hurricane risk, rated 2 out of 5.

Geographically, the southern and eastern counties are most exposed. The Mississippi River Delta is flat and flood-prone, while the Arkansas and Ouachita rivers can rise quickly after torrential rain. The Ozark and Ouachita mountains can enhance rainfall through a process called orographic lift, which can cause flash flooding in narrow valleys and low-water crossings. Additionally, the right-front quadrant of a landfalling storm can produce rotating thunderstorms, which occasionally spawn tornadoes in the southern half of Arkansas.

How it affects homes

The most common way hurricanes affect Arkansas homes is water intrusion. Flash flooding and river flooding can put water into basements, crawl spaces, and first floors. Even a few inches of water can ruin flooring, drywall, insulation, and personal belongings. After the water recedes, mold can grow within 24 to 48 hours, creating health hazards and costly cleanup.

Although wind damage is less common than on the coast, it still occurs. Tropical-storm-force winds (39 mph or higher) can break tree limbs and uproot shallow-rooted trees, especially in the Delta region where soils are soft. These falling trees can damage roofs, vehicles, and power lines, leading to extended power outages.

Insurance considerations: Standard homeowners insurance does not cover flooding. You need a separate flood policy from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which is sold by private insurers. Many homeowners mistakenly assume that if they are not in a high-risk flood zone, they are safe. But flooding can happen anywhere, and about 25% of NFIP claims come from properties outside high-risk areas. Review your policy boundaries, talk to your agent about flood coverage, and consider an umbrella policy if you store valuable items in your basement. For more information, visit FEMA's hurricane preparedness page.

How to prepare your home

• Clear gutters and downspouts so water can flow away from your roof and foundation.
• Trim overhanging tree branches that could break and fall on your home during a storm.
• Seal cracks in your foundation and around windows and doors to reduce water entry.
• Install a sump pump with a battery backup if your basement or crawl space is prone to flooding.
• Elevate appliances and utilities – furnace, water heater, and electrical panel – above potential flood levels.
• Move valuable items to higher levels of your home or off the floor.
• Create a family emergency plan and practice it, including where you will meet if you evacuate.
• Build an emergency kit with water, non-perishable food, medications, flashlights, batteries, and important documents.
• Identify a safe room – an interior room on the lowest level – for tornado warnings that sometimes accompany tropical storms.
• Know your evacuation route and have a plan for your pets, including a full tank of gas and a paper map.

For additional preparation guidance, see Ready.gov – Hurricanes.

Frequently asked questions

Can hurricanes hit Arkansas?

Direct hurricane strikes are extremely rare – Arkansas has never experienced a direct hurricane landfall. However, remnants of Gulf storms regularly bring heavy rain, flooding, and severe weather to the state. The NOAA National Hurricane Center tracks these systems, and you should always stay aware during hurricane season.

Do I need flood insurance if I don't live in a flood zone?

Yes, it is strongly recommended. Flooding can happen anywhere, and most homeowners policies exclude flood damage. In fact, about 25% of NFIP claims are for properties outside high-risk zones. If you rent, consider contents coverage for your belongings as well.

How can I stay informed during hurricane season?

Sign up for alerts from the Arkansas Division of Emergency Management, get a NOAA weather radio, and follow the National Hurricane Center for storm outlooks. The National Weather Service offices in North Little Rock and Shreveport, Louisiana (for far-southern Arkansas) issue watches and warnings. Always heed local evacuation orders.

Official resources

• Arkansas Division of Emergency Management
• NOAA National Hurricane Center
• Ready.gov – Hurricanes
• FEMA Hurricane Preparedness